Internet Glossary
Unfamiliar or unclear about a term or concept related to Web hosting services or Domain registration? This glossary gives meaning to much of the commonly used vocabulary associated with Web Hosting and the Internet. Simply click on any alphabetical category to quickly find the word you're looking for.
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Access Log
An access log is a list of all the requests for individual files that people have requested from a Web site. These files will include the HTML files and their imbedded graphic images and any other associated files that get transmitted. The access log (sometimes referred to as the "raw data") can be analyzed and summarized by another program.
ActiveX
ActiveX is a brand name referring to a set of Microsoft's technologies and services based on COM (Component Object Model) widely released in 1997. On the Internet, ActiveX can be used with IE versions 3 and above and with Netscape Navigator though plug-ins. ActiveX control is a COM object, written as a DLL in a programming language like Visual Basic, which follows ActiveX standards. Once downloaded, ActiveX controls have a large degree of freedom, presenting a security risk. ActiveX controls have to be digitally signed by their creator. Major competitor to ActiveX controls are JavaBeans. Some hosts support ActiveX server components for ASP.
Active Channel
An Active Channel is frequently updated information residing on a Web server. Users can subscribe to the channel if they have a CDF (Channel Definition Language) capable browser (e.g. Internet Explorer)
ADSL / Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line
ADSL is a technology for increasing BANDWIDTH on existing phone lines to homes and businesses
ADN
(Advanced Digital Network). A 56kbps dedicated communication line.
ADO
ActiveX Data Objects. Different data sources can be accessed in the same way within a single data model. The data can be located in various locations, like spreadsheets, databases or ordinary files.
Advocacy Marketing
This type of "friends get a friend" strategy is well known to traditional marketers, but the concept has taken off explosively on the Internet, where some firms have achieved wild-fire growth by well-orchestrated, virtual word-of-mouth promotion. The free Web-based email service HotMail is a classic example, quickly attracting millions of users with minimal marketing budget by appending a promotion for HotMail at the bottom of every message sent by HotMail users. Other companies have had success motivating their users with rewards to recruit their friends.
Address
Unique identifier of a web page. URL (Uniformed Resource Locator) is more frequently used for this purpose.
Affiliate Program
The program that allows current CyberLogicHost customers to earn a commission for referring new hosting accounts to CyberLogicHost.com
Agent
An autonomous program, similar to a robot, which works on behalf of a user to perform a user-defined computing task, like searching for specific information or comparing data from different sources.
AIFF
Audio Interchange File Format. High quality audio file format introduced by Apple.
AIX / Advanced Interactive eXecutive
IBM's version of UNIX, taken as the basis for the OSF standard.
Alias
A pointer to one or more users or hosts, typically used for sending mail or logging in remotely.
Analog
In computing and electronics, analog refers to a signal that is continuously varying throughout an unlimited range of values (soft, loud amplitude; high, low frequency or pitch; strong, weak in amount of signal).
Anchor
The place in a hypertext document which provides a link to another file. Anchors are created by HTML tags that define the kind of hyperlink.
Anonymous FTP
An open-access way of using Internet File Transfer Protocol for downloading files from a server that you don't have an account on (user name and password). Most Net and Web software is now configured to perform an "anonymous login" automatically when you click on a hypertext link to a file on an FTP server, or download a file with an FTP graphical interface program.
Anonymous remailer
A SMTP server that allows sending anonymous email messages. It removes or changes the "From" field of all messages that it processes.
ANSA / Advanced Network Systems Architecture
An architecture for distributed computer systems based on a model developed as an ESPRIT (European Strategic Programme for Research and development in Information Technology) project.
ANSI / SPARC Architecture
A layered model of database architecture comprising a physical schema, a conceptual schema, and user views.
AOCE / Apple Open Collaboration Environment
A set of software for e-mail, directory services
AOL / America On Line
A division of AOL Time Warner, AOL is the world's largest provider of internet access and ONLINE SERVICES.
Apache
Apache is the name of the software that allows you to run a web service on a UNIX server. Apache is very popular and provides access to most web sites on the internet.
APOP
Secure e-mail protocol.
App / Application
Any computer program that performs a certain function, but distinct from the operating system that allows the program to run. A specific word processing program is an "application" or "app" that will run on a computer. Netscape Navigator, technically speaking, is a World Wide Web client program or application, written for various platforms and operating systems.
AppleTalk
The proprietary local area network protocol developed by Apple for their Macintosh range of processors. Current implementations exist on Localtalk and Ethertalk
Applets
Applets are little programs designed to run inside of a Web browser. There is nothing more magical about applets than any other kind of application you run. But applets were one of the first technologies that could animate Web pages and make them interactive and so sparked a lot of excitement.
A Record
An A record is part of the zone file. It is used to point Internet traffic to an IP address. For example, you can use an "A record" to designate abc.yourdomain.com to send traffic to your web site at IP address 209.15.32.135. You can also designate xyz.yourdomain.com to go to a separate IP address.
Archie
A database of anonymous FTP sites and files. Useful for finding files of a specified type which are available via FTP.
Archive
Archives are large files containing valuable data. Archives are often compressed to save space.
Archive site
A server that contains archives. It can be accessed by FTP, E-mail or HTTP.
ARPA
(Advanced Research Projects Agency) US governmental organization responsible for creating the ancestor of today's Internet.
ARPA net
A pioneering NETWORK that formed the basis of the Internet. It was funded mainly by U.S. military sources and consisted of a number of individual computers connected by leased lines and using a packet-switching scheme.
ASCII / American Standard Code for Information Interchange
The standard method for encoding character as 8-bit sequences of binary numbers, allowing a maximum of 256 characters. Text files are customarily called "ASCII files".
ASP / Active Server Pages
A popular technique for automatically generating Web pages from a template held on a SERVER. In conjunction with customized SCRIPTS, ASP extracts appropriate information from a database and formats it as HTML before sending it to a browser.
ASP / Application Service Provider
Application Service Providers allow companies to lease or rent hardware and software applications.
Asynchronous
Not at the same time, or not dependent on something happening at the same time. Email, fax, and voice mail are forms of asynchronous communications.
ATM / Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is a dedicated-connection switching technology that organizes digital data into 53-byte cell units and transmits them over a physical medium using digital signal technology. Individually, a cell is processed asynchronously relative to other related cells and is queued before being multiplexed over the transmission path.
Attachment
A part of an email message. Usually a file (a data file or a multimedia file) or a webpage. It is not a part of the text of the message; instead it is attached to the message.
Authentication
A message or collection of data is considered and said to be authentic when it is genuine and actually coming from the alleged source. Message authentication is a procedure that allows communicating parties to verify that received messages are authentic. Authentication is a property by which the correct identity of an entity or party is established with a required assurance. The party being authenticated could be a user, subscriber, service provider or network provider.
AU
Audio file format for Unix systems.
Audio Streaming
The process of providing audio clips or content via a web page.
Auto-responder
An automated email reply sent in response to each incoming message for a specific email address. This is quite useful when going on a trip, or when you will be out of the office for an extended period of time. You can set up a separate auto responder for each email account under your hosting plan.
Avatar
A software-generated figure or form taken by a participant in an online world, gaming environment or chat room. Avatar is the visual character you use to represent yourself.
AVI
Audio/Video Interleave. Audio file format used by Microsoft Widows.
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